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Shiv Tattwa

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Shiv Tattwa
See also    Tattwa

Shiv Tattwa has the highest Consciousness, which diminishes in a gradient fashion to Shuddh Vidyaa Tattwa. This is a two-way street from 1 to 36 and 36 to 1. Shiv Tattwa uses Shakti Tattwa to create this world of gods, beings and matter. From 1 to 36 Tattwa, there is diminution of Shiv Consciousness from the highest #1 to the insentient 36th Tattwa, the Earth. The First Pentad is the five Shuddh Tattwa or Pure Principles (gods). These entities can be compared to Board of Directors. But Shiv is number one, Shakti is #2, Sadaashiv is #3, Eeshwar is #4, and Shuddh Vidyaa is #5. Their powers and Consciousness diminish from one to five. Each one has an important function: Shiv is Supreme although Shakti is also equal to him. Shakti is like a Co-Director. Together with Shiv, Shiv-Shakti gives rise to Sadaashiv, Eeshwar and Shuddh Vidyaa Tattwa in a linear fashion so much so that Sadaashiv is the second generation, Eeshwar is the third generation and Shuddh-Vidyaa is the fourth generation. Sadaashiv is the interface between the lower Tattwa and Shakti-Shiv. Sadasshiv #3 is the agent who confers Grace to a human soul on its ascent to Shiv from existence in this phenomenal world so that the soul full of Grace can merge with Shiva. Tattwa from 1 to 36 show the projection of Supreme Shiv into 1st, a world of gods (Tattwa 1-5), 2nd a world of human souls and its qualities and limitations (6-12), and 3rd a world of matter (13-36).

Descent from Tattwa 1 to Tattwa 36 is that of Shiv from Supreme Consciousness, to human consciousness to insentient matter. The human soul is called Purush and its number is 12. By its mere relative position one can know that its consciousness is diminished to the 12th position. This is dumbing down of Shiv Consciousness to human consciousness. The insentient matter like water, air, fire, earth are necessary for the human soul with body (Jeev) to sustain in this world. Once the human soul rolls in this world of hard knocks and gets rid of its impurities (Mal), it is ready to take a centripetal ascendant journey from #36 to number 1. You may say I am not the Earth, the 36th principle. Yes! you are Earth, because your body has the essential minerals from Earth that sustain you (think of essential elements like Sodium, Potassium, Calcium). All these Tattwa are burden on the soul which yearns to merge with Shiv. The body has to shed itself along with other Tattwa; Shakti Tattwa helps the individual soul in that it (Kundalinee Shakti) absorbs all these Tattwa on one's way up. Once one reaches the level of number 4 (Eeshwar Tattwa) on his ascent and sheds all the impurities and the distal Tattwa, Sadaashiv (Tattwa #3) confers Grace, without which his soul will not merge with Shiv-Shakti and later with Shiv.

Get the idea of Eeshwar Tattwa (Tattwa #4) and its function. Eeshwar Tattwa carries the opposite function of Sadaashiv Tattwa which is the giver of Grace. Eeshwar Tattwa is an important entity when Shiv-Shakti evolves downstream giving rise to human consciousness, soul and matter. It veils spiritual knowledge from the human soul on its birth in this world with a body. So one sees Eeshwar Tattwa is operative in the downstream procession of Tattwa in that is veils knowledge. Sadaashiv Tattwa is operative in the ascent phase of the human soul in that it gives Grace. Obscuration and veiling of Spiritual knowledge from the human soul serves a purpose. The new, nascent, young, immature and impure soul does not have the ability to use Spiritual Knowledge or receive Grace because it is full of ignorance and impurities.

For example, a professor of Mathematics has a pre-schooler son, actively hides higher math from his son and lets him struggle with simple additions. When his son is mature, intelligent and grown up, he will reveal Higher Math to him. In similar manner, when the soul is mature and pure, Sadaashiv reveals Spiritual knowledge (Grace) to it. When you look at these 36 Tattwa, you see that the soul and matter are recycled. When one dies carrying a Kaarmik bag, he will be born again as human, animal or plant according to the weight and quality of Kaarmik bag. This death and rebirth will go on until the Kaarmik bag is empty and shed once for all. That is when he will get grace from Sadaashiv.

Paraa-Samvit or Param-Shiv being above Shiva Tattwa is not a Tattwa because Param-Shiv is not mutable (as Tattwa are or subject to). Tattwa are mutable and mutability is not the quality of the Supreme Supreme. If something is mutable, it is matter.

1. Shiv Tattwa,  (Shiv Tattwa = Sa-kalaa Shiv = Sat-Chit-Aanand) In Shiv Tattwa, Gyaan or Knowledge exists without Ichchchaa and Kriyaa (Will and Action);
2. Shakti Tattwa, In Shakti Tattwa, action (Kriyaa) occupies the centerpiece;
3. Sadaa-Shiv Tattwa, In Sadaa-Shiv Tattwa (Naad), knowledge and action (Gyaan and Kriyaa) are in balance;
4. Eeshwar or Eesh Tattwa, in Eeshwar Tattwa, (Bindu) action is dominant while Knowledge is in the background;
5. Shuddh Vidyaa Tattwa.  in Shuddh Vidyaa Tatttwa, knowledge is dominant while action is in the background.

These are Pure Tattwa with higher consciousness, though Shiv Tattwa is the purest Consciousness and others, from 2 to 5, are progressively less pure (by small amounts) and have linear degradation in their consciousness, representing five generations of consciousness. Limited human consciousness is less pure than the five Shuddh Tattwa, means, we are further down the line, liable to make mistakes and commit errors. Animals don't even come close. They have instinct and sub-consciousness. Consider this for didactic purposes. Amoeba's consciousness is 0.0000000001; Human consciousness is 1 and the 1st Perfection Shiv is zillion times more than human consciousness. Human consciousness is 1 Watt bulb, while Shiv's Consciousness is a zillion watt bulb; It is a mere number for illustration of infinite Splendor (Prakaash). Shaiv Siddhaant asserts the power of Shakti (Tattwa) exists in all beings and matter. Consciousness sleeps in the stone, feels in the flora, senses in the fauna and thinks in man. Sentience runs parallel with consciousness. The body of Jeev containing limited human consciousness is the individual Prakriti or A-Vidyaa (ignorance) with impure Sattwa (Malin Sattwa Gun Pradhaan).

36 Shiv Tattwa
Alison Berker premavratini@yahoo.com)

Guru means, among other things, teacher. Some texts state that "gu" means "darkness" and "ru" means "light," making the "guru" the "dispeller of darkness," darkness being spiritual ignorance. A Tattwa is a pervasive essence or element. In the West, people are most familiar with the term "Tattwa" in its application to the Panch Mahaabhoot or five elements - space, air, fire, water and earth - Tattwa representing a state of limited being, not a particular thing. For example, fire includes all metabolic processes and other processes of transformation. However, the Panch Tattwa are only the densest of the Tattwa. A-Dwait Vedaant describes 25 Tattwa and Kashmeer Shaivism describes 36 Tattwa.

From densest to subtlest these are:--

Panch Mahaabhoot: Five Great Elements
Prithvi - earth
Jal - water
Taijas - fire
Vaayu - wind
Aakaash - ether

Panch Tanmaatraa - Five Subtle Elements
Gandh - smell
Ras - taste
Roop - form
Sparsh - touch
Shabd - sound

Panch Karmendriyaaan - Five Organs of Action
Upasth - creative
Paayu - elimination
Paad - foot
Paani - hand
Vaak - speech

Pancha Gyaanendriyaan - Five Organs of Cognition
Ghraan - nose, organ of smelling
Rasanaa - tongue, organ of tasting
Chakshu - eye, organ of seeing
Twak - skin, organ of touching
Shrotra - ear, organ of hearing

Antahkaran - Three Inner Instruments
Manas - emotional mind
Buddhi - intellect
Ahankaar - ego connected with objectivity

AND TWO MORE
Prakriti - nature
Purush - ego connected with subjectivity

In A-Dwait Vedaant, the Tattwa end at Purush. Kashmir Shaivism describes 11 more. They are:----

Shat Kanchuk - Six Coverings
Niyati - limitation of place
Kaal - limitation of time
Raag - limitation of attachment
Vidyaa - limitation of knowledge
Kalaa - limitation of creativity
Maayaa - limitation of individuality

Shuddha Tattwa - Pure Elements
Shuddha Vidyaa - I-ness in I-ness, This-ness in This-ness
Eeshwar - This-ness in I-ness
Sadaashiv - I-ness in This-ness
Shakti - I-ness
Shiv - Being

There are some philosophical differences between A-Dwait Vedaant and Kashmeer Shaivism which the enunciation of additional Tattwa help to illuminate, but their differences are not the focus of this writing. Kashmeer Shaivism does not take its list of Tattwa as absolute, emphasizing that Tattwa can be further enunciated or shrunk. Rather, they are a meditational tool for understanding the manifest. They can be shrunk to as little as three, Shiv - the Absolute, Nar (man) - Duality, and Shakti - the fulcrum between duality and non-duality.

36 Tattwa
According to Naarad Puraan

A body is made up of 36 Tattwa
Naarad Puraan, p 405 lists the following 36 Tattwa -
5 Bhoot - Earth, Air, Fire, Sky, Water
7 Tattwa - Kalaa, Kaal, Niyati, Vidyaa, Raag, Prakriti, Gun
5 Tanmaatraa - 5 pleasures of Gyaan Indriyaan (Touch, Taste, Seeing, Sound, and Smell)
10 Indriyaa (5 Karm Indriyaan and 5 Gyaan Indriyaan)
4 Antahkaran
5 subjects of Indriyaan

Explanation of 36 Tattwa
Tattwa are 36 in number in the descending order.
The first five are Shuddh or Pure Tattwa (1-5).
The second 7 Tattwa are Shuddh-Ashuddh or Pure-Impure Tattwa (6-12).
The Third category of 24 Tattwa are Ashuddh or Impure Tattwa (13-36).
Certain deities preside over some of these Tattwa, for example, the Sun over the eye; the quarters over the ear; two Ashwinee Kumaar over the nose; Prachetaa Gan over the tongue; Air over the skin; Fire over the voice; Indra over the hand; Vishnu over the feet; Mitra over the anus; Prajaapati over the genitalia; Moon over the Manas; Brahmaa over the Mind; Shiv over Ahankaar.

Shiv, Shakti, Sadaashiv, Eeshwar, Sadvidyqa,
Maayaa, Kaal, Niyati, Kalaa, Vidyaa, Raag, Purush,
Prakriti Tattwa, Buddhi, Ahankaar, Manas, hearing--Ears, touch--Skin, vision and color--Eyes, tasting--Tongue or mouth, smell--Nose, speech-Larynx, grasp-Hands, ambulation--Feet, evacuation--Anus, procreation-Genitals, sound, palpation, form, taste, odor, Ether, Air, Fire, Water, Earth.

Shaiv Siddhaant believes that there is a chasm between Pure Consciousness of Shiv on one hand and Maayaa, Purush, Tattwa, and matter on the other hand. This chasm can be traversed by Shakti; there is no physical connection between Shiv and matter; all apparent connections are through the intermediation of Sakti. Yes, He is Water, Air, Fire, Ether and Sky. There is an apparent contradiction. Shiv has three levels of perfection: Supreme Shiv, Paraa-Shakti and Parameshwar. Parameshwar has connection with matter through Shakti. Supreme Shiv is A-Tattwa (Not THAT, not matter). A-Tattwa is NOT mutable, while all Tattwa (matters) are mutable.

(1) Nir-Gun Brahm: the 1st perfection = Supreme Naaraayan (Aadi Naaraayan) = Paraa-Shambhu Shiv = Brahm-mayee (this is the instance where attributeless undifferentiated Brahm becomes Clinical Brahman [Saguna Brahm, Brahm with attributes] who can be any of the following depending on the sect of the worshipper: Vishnu for Vaishnav, Shiv for Shaivites, or Devee of Shaakt (worshippers of Mother Goddess.) Their common hierarchic superior is genderless non-sectarian undifferentiated Para Brahm or Nirgun Brahm.>/font>

(2) Paraa-Shakti: the 2nd perfection = Supreme Shakti, Sa-Kalaa (many forms; consisting of parts as opposed to Nish-kalaa = no parts. Kalaa = part), Sa-Gun Brahm (Brahm with attributes, Shabd Brahm or Sound Brahm (the One with Thinkability and Speakability), Sa-Kalaa Shiv with attributes and actions, Sa-Gun Brahm with Maayaa Paarvatee), Sat-Chit-Aanand (Sachchidaanand, Being-Consciousness-Bliss), Sa-Vikalp Samaadhi (duality between Object and Subject [Idam and Aham; Yogee and Brahm], differentiation.) Kalaa has many contextual meanings and for our purpose we use only a few: Learning, Parts, Power, Digits of the Moon.

(3) Parameshwar: the 3rd Perfection, Supreme Eeshwar or Controller of the phenomenal world. Param Purush (Supreme Purush), manifest Brahm - clinical Brahm, Shiv-Shakti. This is where Shiv, who maintains the portfolio of destruction, has connection with matter through Shakti.

The Supreme Param Shiv (Par-Brahm Shiv) lives in Satya Lok. Shambhu lives in Mahar Lok. Sadaashiv, Eesh, Rudra, Vishnu, and Brahmaa, whose abodes are Tapo Lok, Jan Lok, Swar Lok, Bhuvar Lok and Bhoor Lok, preside over the five elements respectively: Earth, water, fire, air, and ether. Param Shiv is the abiding place of all Devtaa.

Everything that one sees, feels, touches, measures... is made of Tattwa. It may be one Tattwa or many Tattwa in combination, cooperation or conflict. All Tattwa take their origin from Shakti (Shiv-Shakti). They are the brick and mortar of our existence and of the universe. It is derivation, transformation, augmentation, mutation, transmutation, amalgamation or any other processes that you can think of in this world. They are observable and measurable. These processes may be linear and or branched but never parallel. There is no parallel force that Tattwa compete or cooperate with. Shakti is their only source. This expansion outwards is the stuff of life and living. The contraction is subsidence back into the source, Shakti and Shiv-Shakti. Expansion is Pravritti and contraction is Nivritti. Devee (Shakti) joyful in the mad delight of her union with the Supreme Akul (Taantrik name for Shiv) becomes Vikaaree, that is, the Vikaar or Tattwa of Mind and Matter which constitute the universe, appear.


MahaanirvaanTantra lists the following 24 Tattwa grouped under different heads:--
5 - Prithvi, Jal, Agni, Vaayu, Aakaash (5 elements)
5 - Gandh, Roop, Ras, Sparsh, Shabd (5 Tanmaatraa)
5 - Vaak, Paani, Paad, Paayu, Upasth (5 Karm Indriyaan)
5 - Ears, mouth, eyes, tongue, nose (5 Gyaan Indriyaan)
Manas, Buddhi, Chitta and Ahankaar

 

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Created by Sushma Gupta on 3/15/06
Contact:  sushmajee@yahoo.com
Updated on 12/15/11