| |
|
India-Dates in Tabloid Form
|
HARYANK DYNASTY (543-345 BC)
68 years |
|
Bimbisaar |
-543 BC - 491 BC = 52
yrs |
He was the king of Magadh. |
|
Ajaatshatru |
-491 BC - 461 BC = 30
yrs |
He was the son of Bimbisaar |
|
Udayabhadra |
-459 BC - 443 BC = 16
yrs |
Son of Ajaatshatru |
|
Mund |
-443 BC - 437 BC = 6
yrs |
|
|
Naagdashak |
- |
|
|
SHISHUNAAG DYNASTY (413-345 BC)
68 years |
|
Shishunaag |
-413 BC - 395 BC = 18
yrs |
Shoodra. Was Amaaatya
of the last ruler Naagdashak |
|
Kaakvarn |
-395 BC - 367 BC = 28
yrs |
Son of Shishunaag |
|
Mahaanand or
Nandivardhan |
-367 BC - 345 BC = 22
yrs |
A Shoodra King |
|
Nand DYNASTY (424-321
BC) 103 years - 10 Kings |
|
Mahaapadm Nand |
-424 BC - 345 BC = 79
yrs |
10 Kings ruled in his
Dynasty, only the first one and the last one were famous. he died at
the age of 88. |
|
--Alexander's Invasion |
326 BC |
Fought with Puru (Poras)
and defeated him.
|
|
Dhan Nand |
-xxxxx 321 BC |
|
|
MAURYA DYNASTY (322-185 BC) 137 years
- 9 Kings |
|
Chandragupt Maurya |
321 -298 BC = 23 yrs |
He came to power in 321 BC. He
made a treaty with Seleukas Nikator, Alexander's Greek heir to western Asia, in 305 BC.
Megasthnese came from Greece to India in his times. He was very impressed with
Chandragupt's administration. |
|
Bindusaar |
301-272 BC |
Chandragupt Maurya's son was Bindusaar |
|
Ashok |
272-232 BC |
Bindusaar's
son was Ashok. Ashok had two sons - Kunaal and his half-brother Dasharath. Kunaal
was made blind. |
|
Dasharath Maurya |
232-224 BC |
Ashok's older son Kunaal was made blind so
his another son Dasharath came to rule |
|
Samprati |
224-215 BC |
After Dasharath Kunaal's son Samprati came
to rule. |
|
Shaalishuk |
215-202 BC |
|
|
Greek Ruled 200-180 BC |
|
Devavarmaa |
202-195 BC |
|
|
Shatdhanvaa |
195-187 BC |
|
|
Brihadrath |
187-185 BC |
Pushyamitra assassinated Brihadrath and established Shung Dynasty |
|
SHUNG DYNASTY (185-73 BC) 112 years |
|
Pushyamitra |
185-151 BC |
Commander-in Chief in Mauryan Army. Assassinated
Brihadrath in 185 BC, and established Shung Dynasty. |
|
Agnimitra |
151-141 BC |
The 2nd Shung King. |
|
Vasujyeshth |
141- |
The 3rd Shung Ruler. |
|
Vasumitra |
|
The 4th Shung Ruler. |
|
Bhagabhadra |
around 110 BC |
The 5th Shung King, |
|
Devabhooti |
83-73 BC |
The 6th and last King
of the Shung Dynasty. He was assassinated by his Minister Vaasudev
Kanv. After that came Kanv Dynasty. |
|
KANV DYNASTY (75-30 BC) 45 years |
Vaasudev Kanv
Bhoomimitra
Naaraayan
Susharmaa |
75-66 BC - 9 yrs
66-52 BC - 14 yrs
52-40 BC - 12 yrs
40-30 BC - 10 yrs |
Continued for about half a century
- 9+14+12+10=45 years |
|
AANDHRA OR SAATVAAHAN DYNASTY (230 BC-220 AD) 450 years |
|
Simuk or Shishuk |
230-207 BC |
1st ruler or the founder |
|
Kaanhaa or Krishn |
207-189 BC |
|
|
Saatkarnee I |
180-124 BC |
6th ruler. According to Puraan he ruled
for 56 years. |
|
Gautameeputra
Saatkarnee or Shaalivaahan |
78-106 AD |
|
|
Vashishthputra Shree
Pulomaavee or Pulomaa |
106-130 AD |
|
|
Vashishthputra Saatkarnee |
130-160 AD |
|
|
KUSHAAN KINGS |
|
Kanishk |
127-140 AD |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
GUPT DYNASTY (320-467 AD)
147 years |
|
Chandragupt I |
320-335 |
Gupt Period |
|
Samudragupt |
335-375 |
Gupt Period. Chandragupt's son. |
Chandragupt II
(Chandragupt Vikramaaditya) |
375-415 |
Gupt Period. Samudra Gupt's son. Known as
Chandra Gupt Vikramaaditya also. Kaali Daas
poet was in his times. Faahiyaan, the Chinese Buddhist pilgrim who traveled around India
for 6 years in the beginning of the 5th century also came during this period. |
|
Kumaar Gupt |
415-455 |
Gupt Period. Son of Chandra Gupt II. He
performed Ashwamedh Yagya. |
|
Skand Gupt |
455-467 |
Gupt Period. He was Kumaar Gupt's son. Gupt
Empire faded by the end of the 5th century. |
|
After the Gupt Empire faded
in the end of the 5th century, some 100 years passed in fragmented ruled kingdoms.
Most kingdoms got independent. |
|
VARDHAN DYNASTY (606-647 AD) 41 years |
|
Harsh Vardhan |
606-647 |
Came to power to rule in Thaaneshwar, north of
Delhi, in 606. He was only a 16 year boy when he ascended the throne. He united the small
states. He had no heir so his kingdom died with him. |
|
Islaam came in Saudee Arabia in 622 AD -
|
|
SLAVE DYNASTY (1175-1290 AD) 115 years |
|
Muhammad, Prophet |
(b/d 570-632) |
Spread Islaam in Saudee Arabia |
|
Mahamood of Gazanee |
(b/d 971-1030) |
First came to India to loot it in
997, to come here annually 17 times. He looted
Somnaath Temple
17 times. |
|
Muhammad Gauree |
1175-1206 |
Ruled for 31 years.
Bakhtiyaar Khilajee was his Commander General whom he sent towards
Bihaar and Bangaal to take control of them, he could not bring them under his control but
sent their rulers away from there. he killed many thousand Bauddh
also |
|
Prithveeraaj Chauhaan |
1180-1192 |
Ruled from Raajsthaan.
Last Hindu King. After him came Qutubuddeen Aibaq. |
|
Qutubudden Aibaq |
1175-1210 |
From 1175-1206, he remained under Muhammad
Gauree, then became independent, thus ruled India for 35 years.
Qutub Meenaar. |
|
Shamusuddeen Iltumish |
1211-1236 |
Aibakq's son-in-law. He ruled for 25 years,
Changez Khaan came in 1221. |
|
Raziyaa Sultaan |
1237-1240 |
Daughter of Iltumish. Ruled for 3 years. Guards
of palace ruled jointly for the next 6 years. Balban was most powerful so he managed to seize
power effective in 1246. |
|
Balaban |
1246-1266
1266-1286 |
A palace guard of Iltumish and the chief
huntsman of Raziyaa. Ruled for 20 years under the puppet king Baharaam, then for another 20
years as Sultaan of Delhi. |
|
KHILAJEE DYNASTY (1290-1320 AD) 30 years |
|
Jalaaluddeen Firoz Khilajee |
1290-1296 |
Khilajee Vansh. After him his nephew sat
on the throne. |
|
Alaauddeen Khilajee |
1296-1316 |
Khilajee Vansh - Alaauddeen was
Jalaaluddeen's nephew. Khilajee Vansh ended with his death in 1316. |
|
TUGALAQ DYNASTY (1320-1388 AD) 68 years |
|
Gayaasuddeen Tugalaq |
1320-1325 |
He, along with his favorite son, was
killed by his son Muhammad Bin Tugalaq by building a collapsible victory pavilion. |
|
Muhammad Bin Tugalaq |
1325-1351 |
He rose to power after killing his father and
one brother. When he was killed during fighting rebellions in 1351, his cousin Feeroz Shaah
Tugalaq ascended the throne. |
|
Feeroz Shaah Tugalaq |
1351-1388 |
He ruled for 37 years. He completed Qutub
Meenaar in 1368. Within a decade of his death his kingdom declined and Taimoor's army entered
Panjaab through passes, and in 1398 he entered Delhi itself. |
|
Taimoor Lang |
1398-1399 |
Within a decade of his death his kingdom
declined and Taimoor's army entered Panjaab through passes, and in 1398 he entered
Delhi
itself. He left India in 1399. |
|
Portugese (Vaasco da Gaamaa) landed on
Maalaabaar Coast on May 27, 1498. |
|
After Taimoor LANG |
|
|
|
LODEE DYNASTY (1414-1526 AD) 112 years |
|
Khijra Khaan |
1414-1450 |
Ruled for 36 years |
|
Bahalool Lodee |
1451-1489 |
Ruled for 38 years |
|
Sikandar Lodee |
1489-1517 |
Buhlul's son. Ruled for 28 years. At the
same time Raanaa Saangaa (1509-1528) was ruling in Mevaad, Raajsthaan. |
|
Ibraaheem Lodee |
1517-1526 |
Sikandar's son. Ibraaheem had a brother
Mahamood Lodee who escaped the battle at Paaneepat, only to attack him later,
but was defeated by him. |
|
MUGAL DYNASTY (1526-1707 AD) 181 years |
|
Baabar |
1526-1530 |
He was the great grandson of Taimoor
Lang and a descendent of Changez Khaan from mother's side. He came to help Daulat
Khaan and won Ibraaheem Lodee. |
|
THE FIRST PAANEEPAT BATTLE - 1526 (Baabar and Ibraaheem Lodee) |
|
Humaayoon |
1530-1540 |
Baabar's son, Ruled for 10 years but lost the
throne to one of his father's Afgaan General Shershaah Sooree. But he came back in 1554. |
|
CHAUSAA BATTLE -
1539 (Humaayoon and Sher Shaah Sooree) |
|
Shershaah Sooree |
1540-1545 |
Baabar's Afgaan General. He was killed in a
battle in 1545. His son and grandson managed upto 1554, when the last of his line, merely a
boy, was killed by his own uncle in 1554. |
|
FIRST CHRISTIAN MISSIONARIES LANDED IN GOAA IN 1542 |
|
Humaayoon |
1554-1555 |
He came back in 1554, but died in
1555. His son Akabar succeeded him at the age of 13 years. |
|
Akbar |
1556-1605 |
Ruled for 50 years. After him his son
Jahaangeer, from his Hindu wife, was crowned the king. |
|
THE SECOND
PAANEEPAT BATTLE - 1556 (Akbar and Hemoo) |
|
Jahaangeer |
1605-1627 |
Had 2 sons - Khusaro and Khurram (later known
as Shaah Jahaan). Ruled for 22 years. Married to a widow Noor Jahaan. |
|
FIRST BRITISH, AS EAST INDIA COMPANY, LANDED OFF SOORAT IN 1608 |
|
Shaah Jahaan |
1627-1658 |
Ruled for 30 years. Married to Noor Jahaan's
own daughter Mumtaaz Mahal from her previous marriage, and Aasif Khaan's, Noor Jahaan's
brother, daughter. He had four sons - Daaraa Shikoh (b/d 1615-1658), Shujaa (reign, 1639-1657)
in Bangaal, Aurangzeb (b/d 1618-1707), and Muraad. |
|
Aurangzeb |
1659-1707 |
Shaah Jahaan's third eldest son.
Ruled for 48 years. He had 4 sons - Akbar, Muazzam (known as Bahaadur Shaah),
Aazam, and Kambakhsh. During his ruling period, he had to face Sikh, Maraathaa
(Shivaajee) etc rebel communities. |
|
FRENCH EAST INDIA COMPANY CAME TO INDIA AT PONDICHERRY IN 1674 |
Bahaadur Shaah as
Shaah Aalam I |
1707-1712 |
(b/d 1643-1712). Reigned
for 5 years only |
|
Jahandar Shaah |
1712-1713 |
(b/d 1664-1713) |
|
Faarukhsiyaar |
1713-1719 |
(b/d 1683-1719) |
|
Rafee ul-Darjat |
1719-1719 |
(d 1719) |
|
Muhammad Shaah Rangeele |
1719-1748 |
(b/d 1702-1748) A grandson of
Bahaadur Shaah. Reigned for 30 years |
|
Ahamad Shaah
Abdaalee invaded Delhi in 1748 |
|
Ahmad Shaah Bahaadur |
1748-1754 |
(b/d 1725-1775) |
|
Aalamgeer II |
1754-1759 |
(b/d 1699-1759) |
|
Shaah Jahaan III |
1760 |
|
|
Shaah Aalam II |
1759-1806 |
(b/d 1728-1806) |
|
THE THIRD PAANEEPAT
BATTLE - 1761 (Mugal, Maraathaa and Afgaan) |
|
Akbar Shaah II |
1806-1837 |
(b/d 1760-1837) |
Bahaadur Shaah II
(Bahaadur Shaah Zafar) |
1837-1857 |
(b/d 1775-1862) Was exiled to Rangoon. |
|
NAADIR SHAAH ASCENDED THE PERSIAN THRONE IN 1736 |
|
Naadir Shaah |
1739- |
He attacked Delhi in
1739 and slaughtered thousands of people there and carried the priceless Mugal treasures,
including Peacock Throne. |
|
BATTLE OF PLAASEE -
1757 (Robert Clive and Siraaju-ud-Daulaa) |
|
Siraaju-ud-Daulaa |
1756- |
Alee Vardee Khaan's youngest daughter's
son, 20 years old in Bangaal.
Battle of Plaasee with Robert Clive |
|
BRITISH RAAJ (1758-1947) 287 years |
|
INDEPENDNT INDIA IN 1947 |
|
|
|
|
|
Important Events of History |
Description |
|
|
|
Ajantaa Caves |
During Chandra Gupt II period - 375-415 |
|
Ahamad Shaah Abdaalee Invasion |
In 1748. During Muhammad Shaah
Rangeele's reign. |
|
Alexander's Invasion |
Came in Chandragupt Maurya time - 326 BC,
Died in 323 BC. He was only 33 yrs old. |
|
Baanbhatt |
During Harsh Vardhan times.
606-647. A Braahman courtier who wrote "Harsh Charit" about
Harsh Vardhan. |
|
Battle of Paaneepat I |
In 1526. Babar and Ibraaheem Lodee. |
|
Battle of Paaneepat II |
In 1556. Akbar and Hemoo. |
|
Battle of Paaneepat
III |
In 1761. Mugal, Maraathaa and Afgaan. |
|
Battle of Plaasee |
In 1757 with Siraajuddaulaa of
Bangaal. Robert Clive fought it. |
|
Beerbal |
(1528-1583). Was in Akbar's court
as a Hindi poet. |
|
British East India Company |
August 1608. Landed off Soorat on
the mouth of River Taaptee. |
|
Chaitanya Mahaaprabhu |
1485-1533. Born in Bangaal. |
|
Chandragupta Maurya
Dynasty |
321 BC - 298 BC |
|
Changez Khaan |
Changez Khaan came in
1221 in Iltumish's reign. |
|
Delhi, New |
Was built by British in 1911, adjacent to
Shaahjahaanbaad, built by Shaahjahaan during 1644-1648. It was later called Old
Delhi after
British had completed New Delhi. |
|
Delhi, Old |
Was built during 1644-1648, by Shaah Jahaan as
Shaahjahaanbaad, later to be called Old Delhi after British began building a New
Delhi in 1911. |
|
Delhi Sultanat |
Was established by Turks in 1206 |
|
Faahiyaan, (Fa-Hien) Buddhist pilgrim |
Came to India during
Chandra Gupt II period - in early 5th century - (399-412), stayed here for 6 years |
|
Firozaabaad |
Tugalaq's Delhi, built by Firoz Tugalaq, whose
Puraanaa Qilaa (Old Fort) still stands as a wretched remnant of the once proud Sultanat. |
|
French East India Company |
Founded with about 600,00 British Pounds in
1664. Came to India at Pondicherry in 1674. |
|
Gautam Buddha |
c 563-483 BC. He died at the age of 80 years. |
|
Hwaan Saang, Buddhist pilgrim |
A Buddhist monk who came to India in Harsh
Vardhan's ruling period. He was here from 630-644 - 14 years and wrote "In the Footsteps of
the Buddha". |
|
Ibn Batootaa |
Muslim traveler who traveled through Asia
and Africa, from 1325-1354, came to India during Muhammad Bin Tugalaq reign. |
|
Jaamaa Masjid of Delhi |
Built by Shaah Jahaan after his Laal Quilaa
was finished facing its main gate. It is the largest place of worship of India. Its central
courtyard alone is over 100,000 square feet and can accommodate tens of thousands of Muslims
to gather on Friday afternoon for united prayer. |
|
Kaal Kotharee Kee
Gaathaa |
Around 1757.
Siraaju-ud-Daulaa with British |
|
Kaali Daas |
During Chandra Gupt II period - 375-415. Wrote
Abhigyaan Shaakuntalam, Meghdoot etc.
Vikram and Vaitaal stories say that he was one of the nine gems in Vikramaaditya king's
court, the king of Ujjain, along with Vararuchi, Dhanvantari and Varaahmihir. |
|
Kailaashnaath Temple at Elloraa |
Krishnaa I (reign, 756-775) excavated
Kailashnaath Temple at Elloraa, near the modern city of Aurangaabaad in Mahaaraashtra. |
|
Kabeer |
1440-1518. In Banaaras, UP. He was living
after Taimoor Lang's invasion of 1414. |
|
Khajuraaho Temple |
In Central India, by Chandelaa Dynasty,
during the 10th century. |
|
Mahaabalipuram Temples |
Were carved by Pallav king Narasinh Varmaa I,
some 40 miles up north Kaancheepuram, during his reign, c 640-668. |
|
Mahamood of Gazanee |
Came to India to loot it in 997, then he
came annually 17 times to loot Somnaath Temple of Gujaraat. |
|
Megasthnese, Greek Ambassador |
Came in Maurya's period and was very
impressed with Chandragupt Maurya's administration. He mentions about Saatvaahan (Aandhra)
Dynasty also of South. |
|
Motee Masjid |
Built by Shaah Jahaan at Aagaraa Red Fort
before he changed his capital from Aagaraa to Delhi. |
|
Muhammad Bin Kaasim |
Annexed Sindh in 712
AD |
|
Muhammad Saaheb |
570-632. Spread Islaam from Saudee Arabia. |
|
Mumtaaz Mahal (d 1631) |
Shaah Jahaan's wife. Died in Burhaanpur in the
Dakkan, in 1631 delivering her 14th child at the age of 39. She had four sons - Daaraa Shikoh
(b/d 1615-1658), Shujaa (reign, 1639-1657), Aurangzeb (b/d 1618-1707), and Muraad |
|
Mutiny of 1857 |
It broke in 1857, Sir
Henry Lawrence was the in-charge. The siege lasted for 87 days |
|
Naadir Shaah |
Ascended on Persian throne in 1736. He asked
Muhammad Shaah to join him. |
|
Naanak |
1469-1538. Born in Panjaab. |
|
Nataraaj, Shiv idol |
Many bronze statues of Buddhist and
Shaiv Divinities of during Chole Dynasty - 846-1044, are found around Tanjaur, Kaancheepuram,
Chidaambaram area. Rarely has an artist achieved such perfect balance and harmony in any
medium as in this metal statue. |
|
Nizaam of Haidaraabad |
1723-1748 in Haidaraabaad Nizaam-ul-Mulk
appointed by Muhammad Shaah, a Mugal king. |
|
Noor Jahaan (d 1645) |
Jahaangeer's
wife. Died in Laahaur in 1645. She married her own one daughter to
Khurram, Shaah Jahaan; and another daughter to Khurram's brother Shahariyaar. |
|
Portuguese came on Maalaabaar Coast in 1498 |
|
Prithvee Raaj Chauhaan |
Ruled in Raajsthaan,
1180-1192 AD |
|
Qutub Meenaar |
1192-1222. Qutubuddeen Aibaq started it
in 1193 but could build only its basement. IT was completed by Firoz Shaah Tugalaq in 1368. |
|
Seleukas |
Came in Chandragupt Maurya time - 324-301 BC |
|
Shaahjahaanbaad |
Was built during 1644-1648, by Shaah Jahaan
as Shaahjahaanbaad later to be called Old Delhi after British began building a New
Delhi in 1911. |
|
Shashaaank |
He was the first ruler
of Bangaal during the early years of the 7th century - 612 AD |
|
Shivaajee Bhonsley |
1627-1680 in Mahaaraashtra. He had
a son named Saambhaajee. Saambhaajee's son was Shaahoojee. |
|
Shoodrak, the Poet |
During Chandra Gupt II period - 375-415.
Mrichchhrakatikaa (little clay cart) |
|
Sikh's History |
From early 16th century, Guru Naanak, to 1708. |
|
Soofeeism |
Spread in early 13th century in three streams -
Chishtee, Suharaavardee, and Firdausee |
|
Taaj Mahal |
Built by Shaah Jahaan in memory of his
beloved wife Mumtaaz Mahal who died in Burhaanpur in the Dakkan, in 1631 delivering
her 14th child at the age of 39. This building was completed in late 1657. It is said
to have taken 20,000 workers over 20 years to build after the death of Mumtaaz Mahal
in 1631. It was designed by two Persian architects (Ustaad and Hameed Ahamad). It has
often been called the greatest single work of Safaavid art. |
|
Tulasee Daas |
(1532-1623). Wrote Raamaayan |
|
Vaasco da Gaamaa |
Came to India's Maalaabaar Coast
at Kaaleekat port on May 27, 1498. |
|
Vajrayaan |
A branch of Buddhism which
emerged as a result of the introduction of Taantrism during Harsh Vardhan
times, possibly from Bangaal. |
Notes
Population under Different
Empires
1-Achaemenid empire (44%)
2-Sassanid empire (37%)
3-Qing empire (36.6%)
4-Roman empire (36%)
5-Mauryan empire (33.33%)
(1) Mauryan Empire had the
3rd largest area of land in BC and the 5th largest area when it comes to
ancient empires. He conquered 5 million square km way back in 300 BC and
(2) Genghis Khan was in
1150-1200 AD. In those times, The percentage of world population under
Mauryan Empire was much more (about 33.33% or even more of the total
world population, whereas under the Mongol Empire the total population
was never more than 25% of the world population. He conquer only small
kingdoms like Poland Serbia and the most land was empty of people. But
of course area wise Mongol Empire was a lot bigger than that.
Maurya Empire - An Empire
which has 1/3rd of total population of the world, is commendable. Even
on personal basis, Chandragupt Maurya would have send Genghis Khan back
to his god in no time. John Durand provides an estimates of 50-60
million population for three periods - Maurya, Gupt and Harsh and Maurya
empire ended in about 185 BC, so at that time the world population must
have been around 150 million in 250-200 BC and Mauryan Empire had 50
million population. He had the army of around 700,000 soldiers.
For a fact, no empire is
remembered as much as the Mauryan Empire in India. The national symbol
of India (4 lions) is a Mauryan symbol and the Chakra (wheel) is also
the Mauryan Chakra. considering the difference of time, 5-6 million
square km in 300-200 BC will be more or less equal to 25-35 million
square km in 1200 AD.
|