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From the Shubh (auspicious) and A-Shubh (inauspicious) Muhoort "Sandhi Kaal" / Sandhi Samaya arises. It is to be verified from Panchaang based on time in terms of Ghadee and Vighadiyaa. This has been explained in Shubh Muhoort Chintaamani. Sarvaarth Chintaamani and other classics have discussed this in detail; Sarvaarth Chintaamani chapter-10; Arist; stanza-40; Khemraj Edition, Mumbai [Translation of the treaty is given by B S Rao].

Sandhi means Yog or combination or meeting of two or more things. For example,

If a planet is in 0-5 degrees, it indicates Avasthaa as Baalya Avasthaa (childhood state).
If a sign, say Ascendant, is rising in less that 5 degrees, it is the Bhaav which reflects the characters of previous sign that is 12th.

Similarly if the Moon is there in a sign at a less than 5 degrees, say in Gemini, it may give influence of Taurus.
Planets and Sign when cross 25+ degree give results of the next sign. Like wise below 5 degrees the previous House/ Sign.
In both conditions the Moon is in Bhaav Sandhi state.

Thus Sandhi more or less is an overlapping state. Actually, the Sandhi period is 40 minutes of arc. Bhaav Madhya is ideal state to give best results. Planets in Yauvan Avasthaa (youth state) give best results mainly during their Dashaa periods.

Dashaa Sandhi
Dashaa Sandhi is calculated for matching of charts for the purpose of marriage. When there is change of Dashaa for both the boy and girl within a gap of less than 6 months, there is Dashaa Sandhi and the marriage is normally not permitted as it would have a devastating effect on one of the couple. In the earlier days astrologers, particularly from Kerala, insisted that no Dashaa change should take place within a gap of one year for matching purposes. Now a days it has been diluted to 6 months by some. Even in case of Dashaa Sandhi, if the boy's and girl's charts show enough Aayurbal, this aspect is ignored for matching. For calculating this Sandhi, the dates of change of Dashaa for the boy and girl are reckoned for the next forty or fifty years.

Nakshatra Sandhi
The Nakshatra Sandhi is envisaged for Gandant Sandhi and if Nakshatra Sandhi is there then Dashaa Sandhi is automatically derived so both Nakshatra Sandhi and Dashaa Sandhi is one condition. This is more apt as Nakshatra Sandhi of Gandant is also indicating Raashi Sandhi of Chandra.

Lagna Sandhi and Soorya Sandhi
Another condition is for Lagna Sandhi. And yet another Sandhi is Soorya Sandhi.

Sandhi Traya
There are three types of Sandhi - Bhaav Sandhi, Raashi Sandhi and Nakshatra Sandhi. When all the three Sandhi are present, that state is called as Sandhi Traya Avasthaa.

Sandhi Traya is not considered as auspicious from Muhoort point of view. If a Tithi happens to cover two signs and the Nakshtra also are same and the Vaar Lord also happens to be the same as of sign Lord, then it is Sandhi Traya Avasthaa. For example if on Tuesday or Wednesday, Mrigashiraa Nakshatra covering Vrishabh and Mithun happen in all three things - Tithi, Vaar and Nakshtra, then it happens to have same combination.

Basically the Sandhi Traya is taken for Gandant and can produce Arisht provided always if the other conditions are satisfied. The concept of stanza is that if Guru is in debilitation or occupies one of Kujaa Houses and the child is born in Sandhi Traya and then Arisht may be produced. Now what is Sandhi Traya is not detailed out and Gandant is preferred in most of the case. The Sandhi Traya are Nakshatra Sandhi, Dashaa Sandhi and Lagna Sandhi. Nakshatra Sandhi of Gandant do have Dashaa Sandhi so here one can take Soorya Sandhi in place of Dashaa Sandhi. The Sandhi is taken for 29 to 30 degree for ending part and 0 to 1 degree for beginning part of the sign.

One cannot calculate it unless one knows ancient mathematics. Take a clue. Just see when Raashi starts, within 1 degree or ends within 29 to 30 degree, it is Raashi Sandhi or Lagna Sandhi (famous Sandhi is Gandant). In the same way less than 2% is started or to end, one can use it as Sandhi in Nakshtra and Tithi Sandhi as Sandhi in beginning (below 2%) or end (means after 98%). Modern software JHora shows it, and we familiarize it. It is used in Prashn and chart reading or even in Muhoort.

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