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Vaidik astrology has always been sidereal, as it is based on the fixed stars through the Nakshatra, that is why these cannot be made tropical.
Tropical signs are linked with Uttar-Ayan and Dakshin-Ayan, ie the signs linked with movements of Ayan. Nakshatra appear to be fixed in sky and are not linked with the movement of Ayan.
Sidereal Signs are linked with Nakshatra and that is why they are called Nir-Ayan (Niraayan) signs.
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There are many Ayanaansh which have their own plus ad minus points, such as. Lahiri Ayanaansh, Raman Ayanaansh, or Chandra Hari Ayanaansh,

If some one knows Prashn, best way to see the correctness of a Ayanaansh is Prashn, especially when Moon changes his signs (about to change in Lahiri and it is already in another Raashi.

The problem of ascertaining the value of Ayanaansh is now not a observational problem. Modern astronomy is now far advanced and can measure any arc accurately, once method of its determination is agreed to. We are all presently depending on data given by positional astronomical centers.
Ayanaansh is a angular distance between two points namely

(1) VE Point , which is called first point of Aries in Tropical Zodiac. This point recedes in zodiac in the back ground of fixed stars at a mean rate of about 50.3 sec. per year. This is accepted and adopted by most of savants in India.
(2) Initial point of sidereal zodiac which lies in between the Nakshatra of Revatee and Ashwinee. There is no unanimity among Indian Astrologers as to which should be the reference Star, based on which initial point of sidereal zodiac should be fixed. As such this becomes partially the problem created by astrologers themselves.

As I know, most of the astrologers in India are of the view that Star Chitraa should be the reference star and initial point should be opposite to it. If this view is accepted, then the following becomes the mathematical definition of Ayanaansh:--

Value of Ayanaansh = Tropical longitude of Star Chitraa - 180 deg.
Tropical longitude of star Chitraa (Virginis) for any era can be calculated from the Fifth Fundamental Catalogue (TK5) AND it is claimed that the difference in calculated and observed values will be less than 0".04.
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BV Raman, being averse to use anybody else's name with the Ayanaansh that he would use, invented an Ayanaansh of his own, Raman Ayanaansh. So we had Yukteshwar Ayanaansh, Dhira Ayanaansh, Chopra Ayanaansh and even Chandra-Hair Ayanaansh, to name just a few. As it was expected, none of the Ayanaanash proved successful in Phalit Jyotish.

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