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Chapter 2-2

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2-2 - Saankhya Yog

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37. [Krishn further said - "Because of this it is good to fight for you."] "Because by this you will get either Swarg (Heaven) after being killed in war, or you will enjoy the kingdom of Earth after winning, therefore Hey Kuntee-Putra, you stand up to fight with determination.

38. [Even if you have no desire for kingdom or Swarg then also] Considering pleasures and sorrows, profit and loss and victory and defeat all alike, you get ready for war. Fighting thus you will not be a sinner.

39. Hey Paarth, All this I told you with the perspective of Gyaan Yog (knowledge, or for Gyaanee people); now you listen to the same with the perspective of Nishkaam Karm Yog (actions done without the desire of its result, or selfless action). This type of wisdom will destroy the ties of Karm (actions).

40. In this Nishkaam Karm Yog, the beginning [of Karm] is not destroyed and the "desire of result" is also not counted, therefore even the little practice of this Yog protects a man from the great fear of birth and death.

41. Hey Kuru Nandan,  All Gyaanee (knowledgeable) people are of one opinion about this path, while A-Gyaanee (ignorant or with desire) or people with unstable mind  have certainly many and various opinions [about it].

42-43. Hey Paarth, Whoever people are indulged in pleasures, whoever admirer of Karm's results believe in Ved's words, whoever consider Swarg as the best and highest attainable object; and whoever say that there is nothing higher than Swarg, those ignorant people tell about only result-oriented activities which result in birth and those activities which guide a man towards many other activities to enjoy pleasures.

44. Such words attract people [towards pleasures] and indulge them in enjoying pleasures and they lose their determination power.

45. And Hey Arjun, All Ved prescribe all pleasures and their objects resulted by three Gun (Sat Gun, Raj Gun, and Tam Gun), therefore you be Nish-kaam (without the desire of results) and of independent mind, without the experience of pleasures and sorrows, established in Paramaatmaa and without the desire for Yog (to obtain the unobtainable) and Kshem (to protect the obtained thing).

46. Because whatever interest is of a man in a small water body after getting a very large water body, a good knowledgeable (knowledge of Brahm) Braahman has also the same interest in Ved.
It means that as there is no need of a stream or a little water after getting a river, in the same way Ved are not needed after getting the knowledge of Brahm. Thus the scriptures are for the ignorant ones alone to reach the path to the divine. Once they have reached that path …they are as useless as water in a well, when the whole world is immersed in water.

47. Your duty is to do only Karm (actions), you have no right on their results; that is why you don't desire for results of Karm, nor you should be indulged in doing the Karm also.

48. Hey Dhananjaya, You should do all your Karm leaving the indulgence in worldly pleasures, and considering all the results (whether bad or good) alike. Such Karm are known as Samatwa Buddhi (alikeness minded) Yog (in which a person doesn't care for the result and the completion of action and does his duties only).

49. According to this "Alikeness mind", S-Kaam (with desires) Karm is of very low level. Therefore Hey Dhananjaya, you should accept this "Alikeness mind" for your guidance. [means take the help of Buddhi Yog, because who desire for results are very poor.]

50."Alikeness minded" person leaves both Paap (sin) and Punya (good action) in this Lok (world) only [means does not indulge himself in Paap and Punya here]; therefore you be indulged only in "Alikeness mind" Yog, because only being "Alikeness minded" is the way to be free from Karm bondage.

51. Because only "Alikeness minded" Gyaanee people get to pure Param Pad (highest status where  a person is relieved from birth and death cycle) free from cycles of birth and death and leaving the results resulted from Karm.

52. In whichever time your mind will win Moh (intense love towards worldly things, or attachment), then only you will get Vairaagya (opposite of Moh, or detachment) from all kinds of pleasures of this Lok or Par-Lok.

53. When your mind, which is shaken by hearing many kinds of theories, will be stabilized in Paramaatmaa (God) then only you will be able to be of "Alikeness minded" person."

54. Hearing this Arjun asked Krishn - "Hey Keshav, What are the characteristics of a stable-minded (Sthitpragya) person who has got Paramaatmaa? How does he speak, how does he sit and how does he walk?"

55. Krishn said - "Hey Arjun, Whenever a person leaves all his desires completely, and is contented only in his Aatmaa (soul) at that time he is called a "Stable-minded" person (Sthitpragya or Sthirbuddhi Purush).

56. Who is not sad in sorrows, and who is not happy in pleasures, and whose Moh, love, jealousy, anger, fear like sentiments are destroyed, such a person is called Sthirbuddhi Muni.

57. And who is without any attachment and is neither happy nor sad while receiving all good and bad things, his mind is stabilized.

58. As a tortoise gathers his body parts inside, in the same way when a person moves his Indriyaan from their pleasures, then his mind is said to be stabilized.

59. [But sometimes] Who do not enjoy pleasures by their Indriyaan, their subjects are over, but their attachment [to those pleasures] do not go. But this Sthitpragya person's even attachments are also gone after the Darshan (seeing) of Paramaatmaa (God).

60. Hey Arjun, Because of the attachments are not destroyed, these volatile natured Indriyaan attract even intelligent people's mind forcibly. 

61. Therefore a person should surrender to me controlling his Indriyaan and concentrating on me, because whose Indriyaan are in his control, only his mind is stabilized.

62. [Hey Arjun! If somebody doesn't surrender to me controlling his Indriya by his mind then he thinks about the pleasures of Indriya.] Who thinks about those pleasures, his mind gets attached to those pleasures, this attachment gives birth to the desire to enjoy those pleasures, and when those desires are not fulfilled, it causes anger.

63. Anger causes A-Gyaan (ignorance and foolishness), ignorance and foolishness cause loss of memory, loss of memory causes the person's mind to go astray, and when the person's mind goes astray he falls from his desired path.

64. But whose mind is controlled, who has no attachment to anything, who has controlled his Indriyaan, he enjoys the real happiness in his heart enjoying all kinds of pleasures through his Indriyaan.

65. That internal happiness destroys all his sorrows and stabilizes his mind very well in Paramaatmaa.

66. And Hey Arjun, He who has not controlled his mind and Indriyaan, does not have determined mind, that illogical person has no emotions, and an emotionless person doesn't get peace and how can a person be happy without peace?

67. Because as wind makes a boat wandering here and there in water, in the same way even one Indriya makes that illogical person's mind astray with whichever Indriya his mind stays on while enjoying all the pleasures through his all Indriyaan.

68. Therefore Hey long-armed, whose Indriyaan are controlled from all of their pleasures, only his mind is stabilized.

69. Whatever is the night for all the living beings, in that eternal happiness this Yogee Purush (person) is awake, and in whichever short-lived worldly happiness other living beings are awake, that is the night for that Yogee Purush who knows about elements (read Bhaagvat Puraan, 11/22 for the explanation of elements) of Paramaatmaa. 

70. As numerous rivers join the sea water without disturbing its water, in the same way all pleasures of this world are enjoyed by the Sthirbuddhi person's mind without disturbing him. Only the same person gets peace, not that who desires for pleasures.

71. Whoever behaves in a detached and sober way leaving all the desires [for worldly pleasures], he is always at peace.

72. Hey Paarth, This is the situation of that person who has attained Brahm. After attaining Brahm he does not get confused and attains Moksh (Nirvaan) in the end.

End of Chapter 2 - Saankhya Yog
 

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Created by Sushma Gupta On 05/27/04
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Modified on 09/17/11